Shekarar 2019 da muka yi ban kwana da ita, ta kasance shekara mai cike da kalubaloli da kuma nasarori ga 'yan Najeriya dake sassa daban daban na duniya, da ita kanta kasar mafi samar da albarkatun mai a nahiyar Afrika. A lokuta daban daban an fuskanci matsaloli da kuma nasarori da dama. Shekarar 2019, ta kasance a matsayin shekara mai matukar muhimmanci, musamman a wasu bangarori an samu sauye sauye game da makomar Najeriyar a wasu shekaru masu zuwa a nan gaba.

A farkon shekarar ta 2019 ne aka gudanar da manyan zabukan kasar, wato a ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairu aka gudanar da zaben shugaban kasa, da na 'yan majalisar wakilai ta kasa gami da 'yan majalisar dattijai. Ko da yake, da farko an tsara gudanar da zabukan ne a ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairu, amma daga bisani hukumar zabe mai zaman kanta ta kasar ta dage zaben inda ta kara mako guda, hukumar zaben kasar ta bayar da hanzarinta cewa rashin kammala wasu muhimman kayayyakin zaben ne ya haifar da jinkirin.

Sai dai kuma, zaben ya kasance mafi zaman lafiya da aka gudanar tun bayan barkewar rikicin mayakan 'yan ta'adda na Boko Haram a shekarar 2009. Kungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayin basu haifar da wasu matsaloli kamar yadda suka faru a lokacin zabukan shekarar 2015 ba.

Shugaban kasar mai ci Muhammadu Buhari ya yi nasarar lashe zaben, inda ya kayar da babban abokin hamayyarsa Atiku Abubakar da kuri'u sama da miliyan 3.

Ya ayyana batun yaki da rashawa, da inganta tsaro, da magance matsalar rashin aikin yi, da fadada hanyoyin raya tattalin arzikin kasar, da batun sauyin yanayi, da kuma kyautata yanayin zaman rayuwar al'ummar kasar a matsayin manyan batutuwan da gwamnatinsa zata fi mayar da hankali har zuwa karshen wa'adin mulkinsa a 2023.

Ta fannin tsaro kuma, Najeriya ta sha fuskantar kalubalolin tsaro, ciki har da hare haren ta'addanci, da na masu garkuwa da mutane, da 'yan bindiga, da yaduwar kananan makamai a tsakanin jama'a, da hare haren masu fasa bututun mai, da rikici tsakanin manoma da makiyaya da sauransu.

A baya bayan nan, kasar ta yammacin Afrika ta sha gamuwa da karuwar matsalolin tsaro, babban abin da yafi addabar kasar shi ne hare haren masu garkuwa da jama'a don neman kudin fansa. A shekarar data wuce an sha samun rikice rikice tsakanin manoma da makiyaya. Kafin hakan akwai matsalar mayakan Boko Haram, gabanin hakan akwai matsalar tsagerun yankin Niger Delta da dai sauransu. Bisa wata kididdiga, tsakanin watan Janairu zuwa Yulin shekarar 2019, an samu hare hare kusan 330, wanda yayi sanadiyyar rayuka 1,460. Sai dai tsakanin watan Yuni zuwa Yuli, an samu matukar raguwar hare haren, musamman a jahar Zamfara dake shiyyar arewa maso yammacin kasar. An danganta raguwar matsalolin da irin matakai daban daban da gwamnati ta dauka don shawo kan matsalolin.

Kungiyar Boko Haram tana cigaba da kai hare hare a wasu kauyuka da sansanonin sojoji, amma basu da sauran yankuna da suke rike da su a fadin Najeriya, yanzu haka yakin da ake da mayakan na Boko Haram ya cika shekaru tara.

Batun rufe kan iyakar kasa, a watan Augasta ne gwamnatin Najeriya ta dauki matakin rufe kan iyakokin kasar, wanda aka yiwa taken "Ex-Swift Response" karkashin wani shirin hadin gwiwa tsakanin jami'an tsaron Najeriyar wanda ya kunshi jami'an hukumar shigi da fici, da jami'an hukumar kwastom, da 'yan sanda, da sojoji. Shugaban Najeriya Muhammadu Buhari yace, rufe kan iyakokin na wucin gadi ne, domin dakile masu yin fasa kwaurin kayayyaki daga jamhuriyar Benin musamman masu fasa kwaurin shinkafa da suke cin karensu babu babbaka. Shugaban ya nuna damuwa matuka game da masu fasa kwaurin shinkafar, yana mai cewa matakin yana gurgunta aniyar gwamnatin kasar na bunkasa noma don ciyar da al'ummar kasar.

Masu sharhi kan al'amurra sun bayyana cewa daya daga cikin muhimman al'afanun dake tattare da rufe kan iyakokin shine, hana shigo da tarin kayayyaki daga kasashen Turai zuwa kasuwannin Najeriya. Suna ganin cewa matakin zai iya ba da kariya da kuma ceto masana'antun cikin gida da ayyukan da suke gudanarwa a kasar. Sannan matakin zai kara daidaita moriyar dake tsakanin Najeriya da makwabtanta. Yayin da wasu ke sukar matakin da cewa ba zai samar da wani alfanu ga tattalin arzikin kasar ba.

Batun fadada hanyoyin tattalin arzikin kasa, fannin aikin gona ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin dake samar da guraben ayyukan dogaro da kai a fadin Najeriya, sai dai an yi watsi da fannin a cikin gwamman shekaru, a yanzu za'a iya cewa wannan fannin ya fara samun tagomashi daga gwamnati.

A kwanan baya shugaba Buhari ya haramta bayar da musayar kudaden kasashen waje ga masu shigo da kayan abinci daga ketare, a wani mataki na bunakasa noma a cikin kasar, wannnan matakin ya haifar da samun gagarumar nasara wajen noman shinkafa a cikin Najeriyar.

Baki daya za'a iya cewa, Najeriya tana samun bunkasuwar tattalin arziki sannu a hankali a sakamakon manufofin gwamnatin shugaban kasar Muhammadu Buhari, kasancewar a yanzu kasar ta taka wasu matakai a fannoni daban daban da suka shafi batun cigaban tattalin arziki. Daya daga ciki shine karuwar hada hadar albarkatun man fetur na kasar da naira biliyan 5.2, kwatankwacin dala miliyan 14 wanda kamfanin kula da albarkatun man fetur na kasar NNPC ya samu a watan Augasta. Adadin ya karu da kashi 22 bisa 100 daga naira biliyan 4.26 a watan Yuli, kuma masana sun bayyana wannan a matsayin wata alama ce dake nuna samun kyakkyawar makoma da riba ga kamfanin man kasar.