In 2024, the Sichuan Dujiangyan Irrigation Project celebrates its 2280th anniversary of construction. For over two millennia, it has nourished the land of Sichuan, adding ever-new chapters of innovation and modern splendor to the world’s grand tale of water conservancy.
The View of Dujiangyan Irrigation Project [Photo by Liu Qirong]
The View of Yuzui (Fish Mouth) Levee [Photo by Liu Qirong]
Feishayan Weir Directs Water into Baopingkou Inlet [Photo by Wang Yu]
The key to Dujiangyan’s water management philosophy is to “harness the natural flow, adapt to the current situation,” namely controlling water, managing silt, and diverting the flow. The “Fish Mouth Levee” divides the Minjiang River into inner and outer channels. During the non-flood season, when Minjiang’s flow is relatively low, the inner channel takes about 60% as a drinking water source, while 40% flows into the outer channel. In the flood season, swift waters rush into the outer channel, and the inner channel intake decreases to around 40%. Feishayan Weir, a low weir on the outer bank of the inner channel, creates a swirling current after water is diverted. The clear surface water curves toward the concave bank into the inner channel, while the turbid bottom flow veers toward the convex bank into the outer channel. Baopingkou Inlet, in tandem with Feishayan Weir, functions like a lock-weir system, not only channeling water but also regulating it.
Outer Channel Sluice Gate [Photo by Wang Yu]
Without the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project, there would be no “Land of Abundance,” and without this water conservancy marvel, there would be no “Tianfu Granary.” Today, the Dujiangyan Irrigation District spans 11.548 million mu, delivering one-quarter of Sichuan’s adequate irrigated farmland and grain output, supporting one-third of its population, and contributing nearly half of the province’s GDP. It forms the dynamic economic nucleus of Chengdu’s “main trunk” and its surrounding economic circle. By providing a continuous, reliable source of water security, Dujiangyan plays an irreplaceable role in bolstering Sichuan’s food security, economic growth, social stability, and ecological preservation.
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